Tumor

A swelling of a part of the body, generally without inflammation, caused by an abnormal growth of tissue, whether benign or malignant.

Causes

Cancer cells grow in this way as well; however, unlike the cells in benign tumors, they also invade nearby tissue. Out-of-control growth of abnormal cells causes damage to these adjacent tissues and organs, and can lead to cancerous tumors in other parts of the body.

Sign n symptoms

The following symptoms may also signal the presence of some types of cancer:

Persistent headaches.

Unexplained loss of weight or loss of appetite.

Chronic pain in bones or any other areas of the body.

Persistent fatigue, nausea, or vomiting.

Persistent low-grade fever, either constant or intermittent.

Repeated infection.

Vaccination

A cancer vaccine is a vaccine that treats existing cancer or prevents the development of cancer in certain high-risk individuals. Vaccines that treat existing cancer are known as therapeutic cancer vaccines. There are currently no vaccines able to prevent cancer in general.

Some types of cancer, such as cervical cancer and some liver cancers, are caused by viruses (known as oncoviruses), and traditional vaccines against those viruses, such as HPV vaccine and hepatitis B vaccine, will prevent those types of cancer. These anti-viral vaccines are not further discussed in the rest of this article. Other cancers are to some extent caused by bacterial infections and traditional vaccines against cancer-causing bacteria are also not discussed in this article.